Book review vs book report
Thursday, August 27, 2020
Identify each terms Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Distinguish each terms - Assignment Example There are a few people who imagine that men are more noteworthy than ladies, subsequently the idea of woman's rights. Raising to the base is a financial phrase used to portray a relationship between nations, nations, locale or nations that is an aftereffect of angles, for example, unhindered commerce globalization, monetary deregulation or even neo-radicalism The bracero program was an arrangement of laws and political agreements, this program was begun by in 1942 by a trade of political comments between the United States and Mexico. This was finished with the expectation of the presentation of transient agreement manual specialists from Mexico to the United States. This infers to an approach that was trailed by a few European countries, this arrangement involves the development of their capacity and impact by means of the utilization of power and intervention. For instance, the UK extended its capacity in quite a bit of Africa in nations, for example, Kenya and Uganda. A money crop is any harvest that is developed to make returns in benefit. Money crop is a word that is only used to allude to the agrarian creation of yields. This does exclude the creation of harvests for residential use. This was a German thinker and just as a progressive socialist. Crafted by Karl Marx affected a ton of socialist systems I the twentieth century. Marx moved away from theory to legislative issues and financial aspects when he was around 25yrs. This is a term in semantics that alludes to a consistent however common language than starts from a pidgin. The vocabularies of this language are adjusted from the characteristic language particularly that of the first
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Increase in cigarette tax would reduce the cigarette consumption
Increment in cigarette duty would decrease the cigarette utilization 5.0 Introduction The aftereffects of our examination show that expansion in cigarette assessment would lessen the cigarette utilization or quit smoking among lower salary smokers and vigorously dependent smokers, hence it maintained the speculations four and five. Notwithstanding, the expense factor doesn't end up being essentially related on more youthful smokers, female smokers and less taught smokers. Section 5 incorporates an outline depiction of engaging and inferential examinations and conversation of significant discoveries that approve our exploration target and speculations. Next area gives the ramifications of our investigation toward the general public. Following segment will talk about a few confinements that are evident during the advancement of the investigation, just as to give a few proposals to future research. At that point, a general finish of our whole examination is introduced toward the finish of this section. 5.1 Summary of Statistical Analysis The segment profiles of respondents are broke down when the information are gathered. Smokers are ordered by various races, sexual orientation, smoking degree, training and age and the information is introduced in pie graphs. In addition, the focal propensities measurement of the factors is additionally determined in the examination. Cross classification tables are introduced to show reactions of every subgroup. Factual strategy utilized in the inferential investigation is multinomial calculated relapse. This factual strategy introduced the consistency connection between the reliant and free factors as odd proportion [i.e. Exp(B)]. At the point when the noteworthy level is under 0.05, the elective theory is acknowledged. In this exploration, elective theory for age, sexual orientation, and training level are dismissed as these factor don't influence the probability of the reactions towards cigarette charge. The elective speculation for smoking degree and salary level are acknowledged as the noteworthy level is under 0.05. Along these lines, smoking degree and pay level are bound to anticipate a particular kind of reactions from the smokers. Multivariate examination is additionally performed by contributing every single free factor as covariate factors in the SPSS program. Multivariate investigation is to guarantee the relationship isn't essentially influenced by other autonomous factors. 5.2 Discussion of Major Finding Table 5.1: Summary of the Inferential Analysiss Results Speculation Result H1: Younger smokers are bound to stop smoking than more seasoned smokers given cigarette charge increment. Dismissed H2: Male smokers are bound to give no reaction to cigarette charge increment than female smokers. Dismissed H3: Highly taught smokers are bound to stop smoking than less instructed smokers given cigarette charge increment. Dismissed H4: Lower salary smokers are bound to cut expense than higher pay smokers given cigarette charge increment. Acknowledged H5: Heavy smokers are bound to give no reaction to cigarettes charge increment than light smokers. Acknowledged Source: Developed for the exploration As per sane fixation hypothesis as far as the variable age, balanced youthful smokers ought to be bound to stop smoking given that their more extended life remaining contrasted with more established smokers and their relatively lower salary. More youthful smokers who may create lung malignant growth right currently would lose substantially more (time) contrasted with a 80 years of age smoker with lung disease. Our exact research doesn't affirmed this since we had indicated that more youthful smokers are not bound to stop/cut smoking than grown-up smokers. Past examinations by Lewit and Coate (1982) and Sylvain (2007) likewise negated the outcome we had. The conceivable explanation prompting this outcome may remember the modest number of youthful smokers for our example. The elective clarification is that since we play out our information assortment in urban zones, youthful smokers will in general be increasingly prosperous, along these lines they are not influenced by increment in ch arge. Strangely, Decicca, Kenkel and Mathios (2008) expressed that since most smoking commencement begins during youth, hence, the current youthful smokers who quit/slice smoking due to duties could be higher. The investigation additionally finds that sexual orientation isn't a factor in deciding the choice to cut/quit smoking given cigarette charge increment. Be that as it may, judicious enslavement hypothesis predicts female is bound to chop down cigarette utilization due to generally being more unfortunate than male. This logical inconsistency happened in light of the fact that, we think, the pay hole between the sexes is quick shutting. In this way, any duty increment won't altogether make any diminished utilization of cigarettes among the ladies. Our finding is in accordance with the blended aftereffects of past writing. Chaloupka (1990) found that men are bound to stop/cut smoking while Stehr (2007) found that ladies are bound to stop/cut smoking. We find that training has little effect on the choice of smokers because of cigarette charge increment. As per discerning fixation hypothesis, smokers with less training bring about much expense than exceptionally taught smokers for smoking since they have for the most part lower pay. Our discoveries didn't bolster objective habit hypothesis. Past research by Madden (2007) incompletely bolstered our discovering, he found that exceptionally taught smokers are less receptive to cigarette charge. Be that as it may, Tansels (1993) discoveries in Turkey (a center pay nation) mostly upheld our decision. He found a positive and critical connection among training and cigarette charge flexibility implying that the higher the instruction, the higher the affectability towards cigarette charge a smoker will be. The explanation for is that exceptionally taught smokers likewise will in general chop down smoking when burdened are raised, not as a result of the cash issue, but since they are dreadfu l of the wellbeing outcomes. They have used the expense increment as the chance to go without any weaning period. Consequently, when both advanced education and lower instruction smokers decide to smoke less, none is more probable than the other. Lower salary smokers are bound to cut expense than more extravagant smokers in light of the fact that the expense of proceeding with the propensity for smoking is higher. Each RM increment in cigarette cost will influence their personal satisfaction, in any event, making deficiencies of cash for childrens instruction, food and other every day costs aggravated to what's to come. This outcome adjusts to past research done by Biener et al. (1998) which says that poor smokers are multiple times as liable to either change to less expensive brands of cigarettes or lessen utilization. Townsend et al. (1994) discoveries likewise delivers comparative end. True to form, overwhelming smokers are bound to give no reaction towards cigarettes charge increment than light smokers. Nearby complementarity clarifies that inside a specific time period, the more a smoker smokes now, the more he might want to smoke later on. Except if the agony of higher cigarette cost is more than the torment of surrendering the smoking dependence, smokers will in general keep on smoking later on. Past research done by Lee (2008) doesn't adjust to our discoveries. Lee et al. (2004) whose outcome shows that overwhelming smokers increment smoking utilization when duty is expanded bolstered our outcome. Generally speaking, the article that Biener et al. (1998) created matches our outcomes predominantly. Different examinations that negate our outcome ordinarily used national cigarette deals information. In this manner, their investigations are not so much practically identical to our individualistic study based examination. 5.3 Implications of the Study Regardless of whether cigarette charge successfully accomplishes the legislatures objective in diminishing cigarette utilization is a huge issue that should be deliberately considered every once in a while so as to more readily decide the course of future approaches. Subsequently, recognizing the impact of duty increments on cigarette utilization is a fundamental part for directing appropriate legislative approaches on the tobacco use. By and large, the dynamic increment in cigarette charge rates may give an incredible commitment toward the administrations tax assessment strategy which would help the legislatures annual duty income, just as to improve financial productivity of the nation. In our investigation, we found that exceptionally dependent and high salary smokers don't react to cigarette charge well. They despite everything buy same amount of cigarettes. Hence, government should devise a technique for focusing on cigarette charges towards these gatherings of smokers to boost charge income. As indicated by Tsai et al. (2003), bits of additional income which was gotten from the cigarette duty would be reserved to the administrations exertion for actualizing tobacco control program against the tobacco utilize, for example, hostile to smoking media-battles. In any case, other segment of the cigarette charge incomes would commit into financing human services for under-safeguarded populace, lung malignant growth examine and other wellbeing related exercises. Aside from that, our examination likewise adds to general wellbeing by recognizing that training doesn't assume a noteworthy job in diminishing utilization of cigarette due to charges. This suggests our training framework isn't underlining the peril and wellbeing danger of smoking. This, in any case, concurs with the judicious fixation hypothesis in light of the fact that exceptionally instructed individuals are probably going to be well off. Hence, they don't endure as much due to burden increment. Conversely, rich individuals additionally endure more as a result of medical issues since they have a lot to appreciate throughout everyday life (occasions, amusement, longer life and so on.) contrasted with low pay smokers. In this way, in concocting a general wellbeing arrangement, our examination suggests that we ought to teach individuals on the risk of smoking while simultaneously expanding cigarette charge so that at long last, the rich and the poor both smoke less. During the procedure of calculated establishment, our examination has contributed broad measure of observational proof that have evaluated the connections between different segment and smoking degree factors and the reaction to cigarette
Friday, August 21, 2020
Tips on How to Write a College Essay
Tips on How to Write a College EssayWhen learning how to write a college essay, the objective is to get as much information as possible in order to make a cohesive and impressive presentation. This could either be a short project or a longer one, depending on your needs. Here are a few tips for how to get started:What Is A Collage? A collage is a collection of objects of different kinds, such as pictures, photographs, negatives, papers, files, documents, furniture, tools, appliances, and others. It could be anything that makes the presentation more appealing. In order to write a collage essay, you will need to use a variety of styles and themes.First of all, you should look for some well-loved photos or pictures that you want to include. This is just one of the many ways in which you can incorporate collage into your essay. Aside from that, you may also consider a quote from a famous movie character or a poem, that both exemplify the theme of the collage.How To Write A Collage Essay? The next tip for writing a collage essay would be to place pictures in an organized manner. If possible, provide enough information about each picture that will help the reader understand the entire collage project.For this, you should start with making an outline of your collage project. Begin by labeling the pictures in chronological order, as they appear in the collage. Use more pictures if possible. Also, add captions to the pictures and in this way, you will be able to tell the reader what each item is used for.How To Write A Collage Essay With Pictures? Now, when it comes to taking pictures for your essay, you must keep in mind that photography needs to be good. Although the word 'collage' sounds like it is going to be taken from a collage magazine, in this case, it refers to various types of pictures that give the reader more information.Remember, the most important thing is to make your collage project appealing and interesting. Whether you are taking photos of your baby, a family photo, or a home renovation, ensure that you use only the best items for your photos. Keep in mind that the better the picture looks, the more appealing it will be.Aside from that, it would also be wise to find an experienced photographer for your collage project. Not only will you get a wide selection of pictures to choose from, but also an experienced and professional photographer will be able to help you choose the best pictures that will best show the theme of your collage project. By following these easy steps, you will be able to make an impressive piece of work that not only impresses your reader but also provides enough information to help you learn more about the topic of your article.
Tuesday, May 26, 2020
The Health Care System Operates Under Two Tier System
The Trinidad health care system operates under two tier system which consist of both public and private health care facilities, the main responsibility of the ministry of health is the overseeing of the health care sector, although this agency does not directly run the public health care facilities, the responsibility of this office is to set policies, goal and targets areas based on the assessment of the community health needs, as well as to allocate funds to the regional health authorities to finance the various health needs of the community. The public health the care system which includes four main hospital that helps to facilities the country medical needs, and can be access by the entire population of Trinidad and is offered freeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In the case of serious medical emergency, a medical evacuation is needed to transport the individual to the closest health care facility that offers sufficient medical care, which may be located in another country, such as Miami in the United States. The private medical sector in Trinidad is very small comprising of four facilities which include: â⬠¢ St Augustine private hospital â⬠¢ Southern medical clinic â⬠¢ West shore private medical hospital â⬠¢ Adventist hospital These facilities are located either in Port of Spain, San Fernando and the West Mooring area, they are sufficient enough to treat most health problems but offer only a slightly better treatment than that of the public health care systems. Although the private sector is considered better than the public sector it is still incapable of handling serious illness and injuries especially those that require long term care. The health care system in Trinidad is not considered the best especially is seeking care at the public facilities according to article written by Akilah Holder who writes for the Trinidad guardian concerning the death of pregnant women who have had C- section at the hospital these are some of story. ââ¬Å"Juliet Primus will never again hold her baby girl in her arms. She will not be around when baby Chasarah takes her first steps or says her first words. She will not be there to answer her questions when
Friday, May 15, 2020
Understanding Religion Through Kurt Vonneguts Cats...
Understanding Religion Through Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle The following is issued as a warning from the author Kurt Vonnegut to the reader: Any one unable to understand how a useful religion can be founded on lies will not understand this book either(14). The latter quote is typical of Vonnegut in his usage of creating a personal narrative. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. was born in Indianapolis, like many of his characters, in 1922. His life from that point on closely resembles the lives of the people in his satirical novel Cats Cradle. Vonneguts mother committed suicide when he was twenty two years old and in many of his novels the character of the mother is dead.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There are actually three different writers at work in the story. First and foremost is the author Kurt Vonnegut. The narrator he creates in his novel is called John, or Jonah as he tells the reader to refer to him (Vonnegut 1), and he frequently recites passages from The Books of Bokonon written by a fictional religious guru Bokonon (Reed 125). All three hold true to a passage from another of Vonneguts books lies told for the sake of artistic effect...can be.. the most beguiling forms of truth(Vonnegut Editors Note) Though Jonah is most closely linked to representing Vonnegut, Bokonon is the most interesting character created on the Island of San Lorenzo where most of the book takes place. By having this central yet elusive character invent a religion openly based on lies, Vonnegut demonstrates societys blind dependency on religion: I wanted all things To seem to make some sense, So we all could be happy, yes, Instead of tense. And I made up lies So that they all fit nice, And I made this sad world A par-a-dise (Vonnegut 90) The latter quote describing why Bokonon, christened Lionel Boyd Johnson on the Island of Tobago in 1891 (Vonnegut 74), invented Bokononism is said to be found in Bokonons Calypsos, or short poems/songs. When Bokonon wasShow MoreRelatedThe Role of Religion and Morality in Cats Cradle Essay959 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Role of Religion and Morality in Cats Cradle As an author, Kurt Vonnegut has received just about every kind of praise an author can receive: his works held the same sway over American philosophy as did those of Jack Kerouac or J.R.R. Tolkein; his writing has received acclaim from academics and the masses alike; and three of his books have been made into feature films. Society has permanently and noticeably been altered by his writing. Through accessible language and easily-understoodRead More Kurt Vonnegut Essay2033 Words à |à 9 PagesKurt Vonnegut Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. is a contemporary American author whose works have been described by Richard Giannone as comic masks covering the tragic farce that is our contemporary life (Draper, 3784). Vonneguts life has had a number of significant influences on his works. Influences from his personal philosophy, his life and experiences, and his family are evident elements in his works. Among his comic masks are three novels: Cats Cradle, The Sirens of Titan, and God Bless You, MrRead More Postmodernist Features in Vonneguts Cats Cradle2907 Words à |à 12 PagesPostmodernist Features in Vonneguts Cats Cradle Cats Cradle is a book, which enables many points for literary discussions. One possible topic of them could be the postmodernist features in this book. 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As people search for a deeperRead More Crusaders of Truth in Cats Cradle and Pi Essay1012 Words à |à 5 PagesCrusaders of Truth in Cats Cradle and Pi à à à à In our world, people are constantly searching for the truth, or answers for things that seem unexplainable. On a quest to make the uncertainties of life easier, or more reasonable, some people have invented tools such as religion, and deemed them truthful. People such as Felix Hoenikker from Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle, and Max Cohen from Darren Aronofskys film Pi, resist such inventions and see a different definition of truth, which is scienceRead More Comparing Themes in Catââ¬â¢s Cradle and Slaughterhouse Five1905 Words à |à 8 PagesThemes in Catââ¬â¢s Cradle and Slaughterhouse Fiveà à à à à à à à à à Throughout his career, Kurt Vonnegut has used writing as a tool to convey penetrating messages and ominous warnings about our society. He skillfully combines vivid imagery with a distinctly satirical and anecdotal style to explore complex issues such as religion and war. Two of his most well known, and most gripping, novels that embody this subtle talent are Cats Cradle and Slaughterhouse-Five. Both books represent Vonnegutââ¬â¢s genius forRead MoreThe Life and Writings of Kurt Vonnegut Essay2248 Words à |à 9 PagesKurt Vonnegut is celebrated as one of the most successful novelist in the Post-Second World War period in the America. His literary works have had varied impacts on American culture, including the use of the word ââ¬Å"karassâ⬠amongst college students, the naming of the pop groups ââ¬Å"Ice Nine Killsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Billy Pilgrimsâ⬠, and the frequent use of the term ââ¬Å"So it goesâ⬠as written in Vonnegutââ¬â¢s obituary on the New York Times (Farrell, p.ix). This article examines the impacts of Vonnegutââ¬â¢s on his literaryRead MoreCat s Cradle By Kurt Vonnegut1859 Words à |à 8 Pages Catââ¬â¢s Cradle is a childrenââ¬â¢s game in which a string, tied at both ends to make a loop, is used to make different shapes. Coincidentally, this is the game from where Kurt Vonnegutââ¬â¢s novel Catââ¬â¢s Cradle gets its name. The story follows John, a journalist who is researching to write a book about the day the atomic bombs were dropped in Japan. Following through his journey, John finds himself meeting the Hoenikker household; family to Felix Hoenikker, who is frequently called ââ¬Å"the father of the atomicRead More Kurt Vonnegutââ¬â¢s Slaughterhouse-Five Essays3848 Words à |à 16 PagesKurt Vonnegutââ¬â¢s Slaughterhouse-Five Great artists have the ability to step back from society and see the absurd circus that their world has become. Such satirists use their creative work to reveal the comic elements of an absurd world and incite a change in society; examples include Stanley Kubrickââ¬â¢s film, Dr. Strangelove, and Joseph Hellerââ¬â¢s novel, Catch-22. Both works rose above their more serious counterparts to capture the critical voice of a generation dissatisfied with a nation of
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Sugar Substitutes and Blood Glucose Level Assignment
Essays on Sugar Substitutes and Blood Glucose Level Assignment The paper "Sugar Substitutes and Blood Glucose Level" is a worthy example of an assignment on medical science. Sugar belongs to the carbohydrates category of biopolymers that interfere in the biological processes in the living bodies (Stick Williams, 2009). Carbohydrates play a fundamental role in human development as modifications at particular sites in the glycan chain may modulate a carbohydrateââ¬â¢s overall biological role (Muthana, Campbell, Gildersleeve, 2012). However, the consumption of sugar is usually associated with heightened noncommunicable diseases. A developing body of scientific data is demonstrating that fructose can activate processes that extend to liver toxicity and multitude to other chronic sicknesses. However, consumption in a small amount is not referred to as a problem but increased consumption kills slowly. In ancient times, our ancestors could consume sugar which was available as fruit restricted to the harvesting time or as honey which was protected by bees. But with the evolving modern technologies, it has been added to almost all forms of processed foods and therefore the consumer has limited options to decline the sugar consumption. Nature made it hard to access but the man scientific evolution eased its access. People on average, all over the globe, are consuming more than 500 calories/ day on average. The many diseases that are considered to be associated with the increased consumption of sugar include hypertension (the quantity of uric acid is increased by fructose which in turn enhances blood pressure); elevated triglycerides and insulin immunity through production of fat within the liver; diabetes from augmented liver glucose production mixed with insulin immunity; and the phenomenon of ageing, induced by damaged DNA, proteins and lipids by nonenzymatic adhering of fructose to them (Lustig, 2010). Thus it can be said that sugar poses similar toxic effects similar to alcohol on the liver. As alcohol is obtained by the fermentation of sugar and is said to have similar properties of inducing pleasure although being a natural nutrient (Lustig, Schmidt, and Brindis, 2012).The government should regulate sugar supply but a ban like that imposed on alcohol and cigarettes. However the increased in-take can be limited by imposing taxes and removing subsidies on the over usage of fructose in the processed food items; limiting the availability of fast food to younger people by imposing a complete ban on the sale of such products during school hours and by removing fructose form Generally Regarded As Safe list (Tappy et al, 2010). Yes, sugar substitutes like artificial sweeteners are better for consumption as they do not disturb the blood glucose level.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Causes of Conflict in Nigeria and Ways of Resolving Them free essay sample
Given the repertoire of cleavages abounding in a heterogeneous and pluralistic society as Nigeria, divisions among the ethnic groups, regions and sections of the country is bound to exist. In pre-colonial times, interethnic relations were often mistrustful, or discriminatory, and sometimes violent. At the same time, there were relationships, such as trade, that required peaceful communications. The most widespread communication was in the north between pastoral and agricultural peoples who traded cattle for farm products, and pasturage rights for manuring. Compounding the problem of underdevelopment in Nigeria is micro nationalism, ethnic, religious and communal conflicts which pose great threat to peace, security and progress. Conflicts refer to disputes, disagreements, quarrels, struggles, fights and wars between individuals, groups and countries. In every nation there is no complete agreement on how to share wealth, power and status among individuals and groups, and how to effect necessary changes and reforms. Since different groups and individuals have diverse interests, the aims of some groups will conflict with those of others. Conflicts occur when deprived groups and individuals attempt to increase their share of power and wealth or to modify the dominant values, norms, beliefs or ideology. May it be noted that there are functional and dysfunctional conflicts. Dysfunctional conflicts are destructive and cause loss of lives, property, man-hours, investment opportunities, hunger and starvation when open violence, wars, mass strikes, and other forms of disruption occur. On the other hand, functional or creative conflicts are constructive and reflect the differences and variety of human opinions and activity which exists in any free society. If creative conflicts between groups which are major sources of innovation, new ideas, institutions and social change are suppressed altogether, a nation becomes stagnant and static. It could be seen as of today that what we have in Nigeria, then, is that ethnicity is not simply the quest for commonality, but is also based on the wider functions of the state, and thus the greater impetus to organise in order to get what the state is distributing ââ¬â and to prevent others from getting it. Because ethnicity taps cultural and symbolic issues ââ¬â basic notions of identity and the self, of individual and group worth and entitlement ââ¬â the conflicts it generates are intrinsically less amenable to compromise than those revolving around material issues. When the struggle is over money, taxes, wage levels, business regulations, social welfare, infrastructural investments, or similar issues, the gains and losses are divisible in a variety of ways. The point is thus being made that, although ethnic conflicts often involve material issues which can sometimes easily be resolved through conventional bargaining, they revolve around underlying exclusive symbols and conceptions of legitimacy and become characterised by competing demands that cannot easily be broken into bargainable increments. Accusations and allegations of neglect, oppression, domination, exploitation, victimization, discrimination, marginalisation, nepotism and bigotry are common. It is difficult to know who is marginalising who in Nigeria because all ethnic groups, from the big Hausa, Yoruba and Igbos to the small Ogonis, lkwerres, Igalas, etc. are complaining of marginalisation. However, most of the communal conflicts in the minority areas in the South and Middle Belt are caused partly by land, boundary, and chieftaincy disputes but mainly by domination and oppression; frustration-aggression-displacement; divide-and rule policies and diversionary scapegoat techniques. The inequalities in the distribution of power, wealth and status, and domination and oppression by bigger groups and their collaborators within the smaller groups have frustrated the minority Ogonis, lbibios, Tivs, Igalas, Itsekiris, etc. who seem to reduce their built-up tensions by fighting among themselves rather than unite and face the real oppressors. Conflict resolution in Nigeria requires honest and capable leadership and good governance to reduce the level of unemployment, poverty, oppression, domination and marginalisation, and raise the standards of living of all the Nigerians. A true federalism with drastically reduced federal powers, responsibilities and resources, and greater local autonomy and self-determination for the federating units or states will reduce inter-ethnic tensions. With the reduction in the attraction of the centre, the do or die presidential elections will be minimized. There should be equitable distribution of power, wealth and status as well as responsibilities, duties and contributions to the centre. There will be no development and progress without peace, and no peace without equal rights and justice. Therefore equity, fair play and justice should be emphasized to enhance peace and progress. For equity and justice, and to give all sections of Nigeria a sense of belonging, all political parties should choose their presidential candidates from the South-South which had never produced a Head of State/Government or from the South-East because since 1960 the three geopolitical zones in the North have headed the Federal Government for about 34 years and the South West for eight years by 2003. With respect to mineral or oil-rich land disputes, the oil oozing from a particular production well may be flowing in from distant lands. Besides, oil pipelines, men and materials pass through divide lands, waterways, creeks, etc. during oil exploration, production and distribution. Therefore, a broader definition of oil-bearing areas to cover all communities likely to be adversely affected and polluted by oil production and distribution, and the equitable distribution of oil benefits, social amenities, scholarships, etc. will minimize such clashes and conflicts.
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